Safety device for excess temperatures



Jan. 25, 1955 s. rHlELMANN I SAFETY DEVICE FOR EXCESS TEMPERATURES Filed Dec. l5. 1952 Fig.1

Im/vemo Tjaz'lelma/zan/ United States Patent O SAFETY DEVICE FOR EXCESS TEMPERATURES Sebastian Thielmann, Berlin-Wilmersdorf, Germany Application December 15, 1952, Serial No. 325,926

Claims priority, application Germany December 18, 1951 6 Claims. (Cl. 116-405) Safety devices provided against danger of iire generally operate with fusing bodies or with thermo-elements. In the case of the former they fuse when a definite temperature is reached thereby releasing a switching means, so that a lever or the like which is spring controlled releases a signal and also brings sprinklers into operation. In the case of thermo-elements, the same object is attained by the movement of the thermo-metals. For instance, when they are incorporated in heating cushions, upon a predetermined temperature being reached, a contact is released and the current is interrupted. In spite thereof accidents cannot positively be prevented. It is more advantageous and more reliable to use detonators consisting of a small container, generally of spherical shape, containing a suitable liquid or solid filling, and provided they are properly made, they will positively burst at a predetermined temperature, for which they are intended, and thereby release a signal.

The present invention consists in this that in using such a detonator, the same is held at the end of a sleeve and a plunger acting thereon penetrates up to or near the other end out of the sleeve, which plunger serves as a safety means for a member releasing a signal when it is itself released. In this way it is possible for the whole of the safety device to be constructed as an independent structure which can be easily inserted, built in or otherwise incorporated into the apparatus, machines and other devices to be protected without it being necessary to effect any changes therein. It is also easily possible constantly to watch its action and also to change the detonators.

The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example various modes of carrying the invention into effect.

Figure 1 shows an elevation of such a device partly in section, Figure 2 being a side elevation thereon;

Figures 3 and 4 show in front and side elevation respectively a similar construction of shorter length having a modified connection with the signalling arrangement which is not shown and with which the invention is not concerned, and Figure 5 is a plan view thereof.

Figures 6 and 7 are two examples of detonators and of their fitting or mounting;

Figure 8 shows, like Figure 1, in elevation partly in section, a special construction for installations and machines in which, for example, temperatures are to be controlled which exceed the resistance, or possibility of construction, of the detonators.

Referring to Figures l and 2, the casing a eneloses a support b for the detonator c, but the casing a itself may serve as a support for the detonator. In the casing a and its extension sleeve f there is movably mounted a plunger d, which abuts against the detonator c under the pressure of a spring e. A frame f', f, is connected to the sleeve f, into the hollow space of which frame the plunger d projects with a tapered end d and holds an arm g mounted e. g. at g in the locking position. The construction of the device at this point may be modified and be adapted to any purpose. Thus, for instance, according to the constructions shown in Figures 3 to 5 in which the casing is connected directly with the frame f', f" two spring controlled double eyes h may be held by the cone d' of the plunger, which eyes are pulled away when the detonator bursts, and thereby the plunger d withdraws the conical end d from the eyes h. In the example shown in Figures 1 and 2 the arm g thereby swings away and releases the signal with which the safety device is connected.

In the example shown in Figure 6, the detonator c is ICC provided with two oppositely directed hooks c, engaging with springs e. When the detonator c bursts, the tension springs e are released, thereby causing the initiation of the signal. In Figure 7, the detonator c is provided with two oppositely directed fusing projections c' and is inserted in two boxes b, b which are under preslsure, the latter coming into operation when the detonator ursts.

In some installations and machines, the detonator c has to act at such a high temperature for which such detonators, generally consisting of glass, can no longer be produced. Such temperatures are higher in the in terior of the machines or the like and decrease more and more towards their casing. Or the springs by means of which the plungers are supported on the detonators, or those which engage the detonators become soft and affect the reliability of the device. In these cases, the device is constructed, for instance, in the form shown in Figure 8. It may have different lengths, so that it reaches the point where the desired temperature is intended to affect it. Since the lower casing a, the sleeve a and, when necessary, also the casing a consists of an insulating material, the spring e with the plunger d is suitably protected. The lower plunger d may also be made of insulating material.

The device may be used directly in high voltage elds in order to limit the temperatures therein, for instance in the case of air-cooled transformers, condensers and the like.

I claim:

1. In a temperature safety device adapted for use with signalling means, the combination of a casing, a' detonator supported in said casing and embodying temperature sensitive means, a sleeve connected to said casing, a plunger mounted in said sleeve and contacting with said detonator, and a member associated with signalling means and contacting with said plunger and adapted to be released thereby when the detonator is disrupted upon a predetermined temperature being reached.

2. In a temperature safety device adapted for use with signalling means, the combination of a casing, a detonator supported in said casing and having a cone at one end thereof, said detonator embodying temperature sensitive means, a sleeve connected to said casing, a plunger mounted in said sleeve and contacting with said detonator, a member associated with signalling means and contacting with the said plunger and to be released there from when the detonator is disrupted upon a predetermined temperature being reached.

3. In a temperature safety device adapted for use with signalling means, the combination of at least one casing of insulating material, a detonator supported in said casing and embodying temperature sensitive means, a sleeve of insulating material connected to said casing, at least one plunger of insulating material mounted in said sleeve and contacting with said detonator, and a member associated with signalling means and contacting with said plunger and adapted to be released thereby when the detonator is disrupted upon a predetermined temperature being reached.

4. A temperature safety device as claimed in claim 1, in which the plunger is supported on the detonator by means providing spring action.

5. A temperature device according to claim 2, in which the said member has an eye engageable with the cone of said plunger.

6. A temperature safety device as claimed in claim l, in which two members under pressure are associated with the detonator, when in its normal position, in such manner as to keep these pressure members at a distance from one another, on one of which the plunger is supported.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,476,864 West a Dec. 11, 1923 FOREIGN PATENTS 373304 Great Britain May 26, 1932 

